Winter time on the Farm

 Although the winter in Nova Scotia is relatively short compared to other places in Canada, winter has a huge impact on the farm. When living in Calgary, AB, we often found winter started in October and ended in late March/early April. In Nova Scotia, we often have weather that isn't extra cold or snowy until early to mid January and ends mid to late March on average. Those two or three months however, have a big impact on how the farm operates. 

The biggest impact is how the weather impacts operations and equipment. Generally, through the year there is no issue with running water to the cattle and chickens but in the winter we are always dealing with frozen water. When I had the barn renovated last year, the biggest expense was running new pipes with electric heat wrap on all the pipes so they wouldn't freeze in the dead of winter. Since we've had some nighttime temperatures this winter go down to -25 degrees celsius in some cases, the heat tape keeps 99% of the barn thawed out with the exception of the spouts on the water bowel I heat with a heat gun by hand. This is hard for all farms and no matter how well you are set up, it still creates more work.

The next impact is on equipment. I've learned over the last few years that running equipment in the winter is much less productive then in the other 3 seasons. Not only do you have to drive them in the snow and make them work hard, and burn more fuel, but you have more repairs. When equipment is running in colder temperatures, it's hard on the batteries, components that need fluid (like hydraulics), and parts of the machine that have plastic components. Because it takes such a toll on the farm equipment, I've started to park all the equipment for the winter except for the one farm tractor for clearing snow. 

A very positive impact is possibly the only good part of winter on a farm, which is the ability to rest. As any home owner knows, there is always a list of things to do but multiply that by a hundred on a farm. During the non-winter months, we are very limited to basic farm chores when the weather is poor or there is a lot of snow. This allows us to actually take weekends to rest and enjoy things like napping and reading that we never do in the other months. I often joke with my friends that the winter is the time I catch up with my Netflix shows that everyone talks about all year since I don't watch much TV when I can be doing farm work. 

Another small winter enjoyment is the use of goods that we have harvested or produced during the rest of the year. Starting in December we start to use more of the preserves and vegetables we have stored from harvests through the year. We also cook the chickens we raised and had processed in the spring as well as the beef from the previous cow we have had butchered. It's an enjoyable and rewarding part of winter to know the summer and fall harvests will sustain us through the winter.

Overall the winter presents unique aspects to farm life that we don't see in other seasons. Some we enjoy and some we don't but overall it makes us thankful to be living in this part of the world and on this wonderful farm.

Taking Apart Your Bar M Ranch Wreath

 Every year, I (Christina) hand-tie a couple hundred double-sided Christmas wreaths. I cut all of the balsam fir brush by hand from trees along the woods roads and pastures on our farm. I snip the brush into smaller pieces, assemble them in little bundles and use spools of green wire to wrap them around a metal ring. 

If you leave it assembled as-is, it has to be put in the garbage because of the metal inside of the compostable balsam fir. Please note, there are other types of wreaths that are made in different ways so their disassembly might be different. When you’re done with a wreath that I’ve made, here’s how to take it apart.

I attach any bows and cones with wire after the wreaths are complete. So, working in reverse order of how they’re made, the bows and cones should be removed first. Lay the wreath bow-side-down and find the wires that have been twisted to secure the bow and cones. Un-twist the wires and remove the decorations. Then, pry back the brush and find the green wire and metal ring. Snip the green wire (with old scissors or wire snips) and start unwinding. I find it easiest to keep unwinding and crunch the wire up into a ball as I go instead of snipping the wire into a bunch of small pieces. If you wanted to wind the wire up carefully, it could be reused for another purpose. As you unwind the wire, you’ll see all of the induvial bundles of balsam fir. All of the balsam fir can then be composted. I throw the wire in the garbage. The wire ring can be reused or recycled with scrap metal.

Every year, after Christmas, I get a couple dozen wreaths returned, and I take them apart myself and reuse the rings. I offer this “service” to anyone who buys a wreath from me. They can be dropped off at the farm anytime, no questions asked, and I’ll know what to do with them.  

2021 Tree and Wreath Season

It’s safe to say that the “tree and wreath season” of 2021 is over for us and we consider it to have been a successful one. Christmas day has passed and as we’re approaching the end of the year, we see that people are in the process of packing up their ornaments for another year. Since we don’t do the labour aspect of growing and looking after the Christmas trees on the farm (we have an arrangement with some local experts to look after our trees), tree season is relatively short for us. Tree growers look after the trees nearly year-round, but we only spend a few weeks (November and December) dealing with trees and wreaths. Some of that is administrative, marketing, sourcing labour and supplies etc with only a couple weekends of physical work in the tree lot for our annual U-Pick and roughly one month on wreath making.

After a difficult U-Pick season last year with the HRM/community travel restrictions coming into place right before our U-pick (where we instantly had to ask half of our customers to avoid travel to our little rural community), we consider ourselves fortunate of the timing of our U-Pick this year. There were relatively low case numbers of Covid-19 during the two weekends when we had our U-pick and things seemed relatively “normal”. With lots of room to social distance in the multi-acre tree lot, there was no need to wear masks and families could take their time and enjoy the annual tradition of finding the perfect Christmas tree.

New this year, we trialed tractor and wagon rides to add to the experience. As the wagon rides were slightly complicated and labour intensive (as we had to verify riders were vaccinated and masked/in the same family group) we were only able to offer a few rides during slow periods. According to the feedback we received, and the smiles on people’s faces, this was an enjoyable activity that we hope to offer more in the future. This year, we also coordinated local photographer Matthew Gates to capture some photos and videos during the U-Pick that we can use to promote future farm and U-Pick events. We’ve included a couple of his photos here in this post.

In addition to the tree U-Pick, Christina spends roughly one month each year making Christmas wreaths. She waits until after Remembrance Day to start cutting brush and spends a couple weeks of vacation time from her day job making wreaths. She cuts all of the brush by hand from the roads and fence lines around the farm. She makes a couple hundred wreaths each year making one at a time by snipping the brush into smaller pieces and attaching it to the wire wreath rings by hand. She has a number of regular customers for whom she makes wreaths for each year and supplies a hockey team fundraiser. The last wreaths of the year are sold during our Christmas Tree U-Pick. The only wreath left unsold this year was the one we hung on the front of our house.

Now that trees and wreaths are done, we move onto other tasks. Barn chores for the cows and chickens are a twice a day commitment. We tackle paperwork that we’ve put off for months and start planning for the year to come.

Halloween Rain Day on the Farm

 It’s a rainy and windy (Halloween) day which means we’re spending the day catching up on farm work that we can do indoors. During this time of year, we have a lot of computer/paperwork, bill payments, invoicing, event planning, online content etc to do that doesn’t make the top of the priority list on nice weather days. On nice days, we are still working on garden cleanup, garlic planting (which hasn’t even been started yet), putting in our winter wood, putting things away for winter. It’s only a few weeks until the cows go into the barn and winter barn chores begin.

Christina has been harvesting seeds for months and most of it is tucked in baskets, boxes, buckets and paper bags awaiting the weekends and dark nights ahead. Today, she’s completing the final clean up step for one seed crop she’s been saving (and sharing) for a couple years now - her Autumn Beauty sunflower. She started by bagging the prettiest flower heads once they were done blooming so the birds wouldn’t eat them all. Then, she cut them and hung them in the greenhouse for a few weeks. Two weekends ago, she removed the seeds from the flower heads and put them in a bucket. The chickens found the leftovers and seed heads and have since devoured those. Yesterday, she used the wind to separate the little leftover bits from the seeds. She scoops the sunflowers a handful at a time into the air and drops them back into the bucket and the wind carries away all of the extra little bits that aren’t seed. Today, 5 months after she planted this year’s sunflower seeds, next year’s seed gets put into a glass mason jar where she’ll store them until spring.

In the spring, she plans to portion the sunflower seeds into packets and share them with people. Last year she gave away nearly 100 packets of seeds and we really enjoyed seeing people’s sunflower photos.

Warm Fall Weather

It's been awhile since I wrote a blog post and it's probably because it's been busy on the farm! This fall has been particularly busy because of a few reasons:

• The weather has been extra warm this year with a temperature of +18 degrees on October 30th! This means we can do work that normally couldn't happen until sprint that we didn't get to in the summer.
• With the delay in haying season, there is lots of general farm upkeep work that was also delayed we need to do before winter. 
• Generally higher demand for all farm products meant that we have been busy during harvest season with produce to sell but also a longer firewood season that I just wrapped up yesterday. 

The warm weather also means we have pasture grass still growing for the cattle. The picture below is from Oct 20th if you can believe it:

In many ways, this is helpful for getting work done on the farm and having a longer growing season but on the other hand it's troubling sign of how the climate is changing. We are seeing warmer times of the year when it should be cooler and also more extreme weather like the extreme wet conditions we had all summer. We are doing our best to adapt since it comes with positives and negatives but as this becomes the normal. 

The fall still is a highlight in Nova Scotia with an amazing array of colors on the trees which never ceases to impress us every year.

Although this fall has been unique, it's still an amazing time of year on the farm!

Haying Season!

It's been awhile since I wrote a blog post but it's been a busy year so far, especially since things have started growing! The weather this year has made for perfect growing conditions for everything on the farm, specifically hay! 

The history of haying on the farm goes back to when the first fields were cleared and the hay was cut by hand and hauled in by animal power. Luckily, the work is more mechanical now with tools like tedders, rakes, and balers to dry and pack the hay into manageable forms to handle. 

On the farm now, we keep a small cattle herd with a maximum of 9 cow stalls so we make more hay than we actually use. Each cow eats a bale of hay a day for about 180 days when they are in the barn over the winter so we use about 1620 bales of hay but make up about 3000 square bales and about 40 round rolls from a neighbour's fields.

As we have reduced the cattle herd to a more manageable number, we have taken more time to invest in better hay yields and better equipment to make the hay. This year we purchased a new hay baler and drum mower and in the last two years, we got a larger tedder and a wheel rake. These new pieces of equipment work very well and allow us to make hay when the sun shines so to speak :)

The first step in making hay is cutting it. This year this has been particularly hard since the wet weather has slowed us down. Once we see 3 or 4 days in a row of sunny weather, I'll get the drum mower on the tractor and mow 1-3 fields 

Once cut, the hay needs to fully dry, so once baled, it doesn't go moldy and doesn't spontaneously combust in the field. You can read more about this here. Drying is done using a tedder which for us is a 4 basket tedder that spins metal teeth in the hay to fluff it up and flip it. This is done 3 or 4 times over 2 or 3 days and once dry we move to raking. 

Raking hay means raking up the dry hay into windrows so the baler can pick up the hay easier. This past year we moved to using a new wheel rake which has been a great farm implement since it works well and has only 4 moving parts so less chance of anything breaking down. Once the hay is raked up, I switch over to baling.

This is done using a square baler for us. Many farms have now moved to larger round bales which are probably most familiar to anyone who has driven by a farm and seen the big round hay bales, stacked in a row. For the farm here, square bales are easier to handle when in the barn and we see much less wasted hay since the hay is stored inside right away compared to round rolls which are often stored outside or at least stay outside longer. 

Once the hay is baled, we usually hire one or two other people to help put it in then we repeat the process next time we get good weather. 

We have always been the kind of people who enjoy activities doing things for a purpose to recharge. This means on hot sunny days we enjoy working around the farm making hay more than going to the beach. Thankfully this is the case since making hay in nice sunny weather is critical so it's nice to be able to do this and enjoy it in the summer months. 

Kids on the Farm

A topic I've been meaning to share but am just getting around to is about having visitors, specifically kids. We have no interest in having kids of our own but it's a lot of fun to have kids on the farm to get a connection to agriculture and forestry. When we moved home and wanted to eventually run the farm, we always knew our goal would be to produce products that were high quality and priced to a point where people who wouldn't normally buy local would feel comfortable trying a local product. This eventually morphed into getting people to see where and how farm products are produced since so few families connect to this lifestyle. 

The first venture into this was open farm day several years ago, where we quickly realized after 150 people showed up, we needed more space and needed to make the farm a safer space for kids to be around. After building the event building and learning new and better ways to host events, we have had some amazing Open Farm days and family-friendly events.

For many of the kids, we met over the years, many haven't seen tractors, vegetables, or even cows in real life. It's always a ton of fun to introduce them to big gear or animals. It's exciting but also sad to watch this. When I was a kid, even my friends in town had relatives who farmed. Now, this generation has a rare family connection to the industry and that's where I'm glad we can bring that to kids. 

One of the best examples of this was a little boy who came to the farm because we had a "Touch a Truck" set up and he could see the tractors. Although he lived in the city, he did all the virtual farming he could and knew all about tractors and crop planting. He wore a New Holland hat and shocked me with the level of knowledge he had on tractors even though he never really got to see them. I took a lot of time to give him the full tour and try all the gear. He was so thrilled that he drew me a picture I have in my shop still and it reminds me why we do these things for the public.

I'd also like to share some of our learnings with parents as well who bring kids to farms since there are some things to remember:

• One of the biggest things to remember is that farms aren't playgrounds. Make sure you tell your kids to ask if they can look, touch or go somewhere before they do. When we first did open farm day, a few families let their kids play around with the pitchforks in the barn and some others chased our chickens around the yard. If you want to keep your kids safe and also respect the farm, make sure you ask what they can and can't do. 
• No all animals like people. Sometimes cows and other animals look cute and calm, but if you aren't familiar with them, they may react, which won't always be positive. Make sure you check with the farmers on what you can and can't do. 
• Let the farmer know early what they want to see and do! Most farmers want kids to see and learn all they can so make sure that's clearly communicated. 
• Dress appropriately! Unless it's Hatfield Farm, most farms are working farms with different ecosystems and setups that may not always be dry and clean. 

We're hoping to do more on-farm events again, post-COVID so watch our site (www.barmranch.ca) for more updates!